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Akaev Vakhit Humidovich – Ph.D. of philosophy, professor, academician of the Academy of Science of the Chechen Republic, chief scientific worker of the Comprehensive science and research institute of H.I. Ibragimov RAS. City of Grozny.

Islam in modern Russia has its peculiarities, formed in the course of centuries, connected with its spreading and adaptation to sociocultural Russian reality in imperial, soviet and post-Soviet periods. Not simple interrelations with Russian Orthodox Church also contributed to its formation. Regional, ethnocultural factors, customs, traditions of people, inhabited Caucasus, Volga region played an important role in perception and absorption of Islam. In this context one should speak about Caucasian (and mainly about Avar, Chechen, Karachayev and etc.) Tartarian, Bashkir forms of Islam manifestation.

Key words: religion, Islam, Caucasus, Orthodox, Russia.

Akaev Vakhit – Ph.D. of philosophy, professor, chief scientific worker of Comprehensive science and research institute of H.I. Ibragimov RAS. Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russian Federation.

Caucasus occupies special place in the Eurasian region – a unique geographical, ethno-political, ethno-cultural education. Even in ancient times through the Caucasus various trade routes moved from nomadic conquerors, here rushed brave heroes for adventure and peaceful travelers. It is a place of extraordinary accumulations of peoples, tribes, with their amazing culture, historical events and grandiose battles.
Particular attention is paid to the various problems of the cultural and social life of the North Caucasus people. It is noted that the current Russian political elite does not realize enough advantage of the host of the North Caucasus as a part of the country`s total population. There are no close economic and cultural ties with the peoples of the South Caucasus, the system successfully overcome the inter-state and inter-ethnic conflicts. Its usage is not enough, developed in the past and diffuse lingering in this educational, scientific and cultural and economic ties between universities, research centers, theaters, businesses and so on. At deficiency of these relationships are targeted intellectuals, youth, political elites in the anti-Russian political and military blocs, transnational corporations.
One of the issues pointed out in the given article is the problem of migration. In particular, it is noted that all kinds of speculation of some researchers about the "internal migration", "aliens" from the North Caucasus are counterproductive, they are directed against the region`s ethnic and cultural diversity, unity of its folk, as well as a whole Russia. Unfortunately such statements do not determine the strategy of strengthening of interethnic relations in the country, but only a superficial solution to the existing problems in this area. The challenge is to identify the deeper social and economic base of solutions to these problems and to suggest ways of their successful solution. Only in this case it is possible the successful development of the North Caucasus and to strengthen their unity.

Key words: Caucasus, North Caucasus, the Caucasian peoples, culture, migration, unity.

Vakhit Akaev – Ph.D. of philosophy, professor. Chief scientific worker of Comprehensive research institute of Russian academy of science, academician of Academy of science in Chechen Republic, expert of Russian academy of science. Grozny, Russian Federation.

The formation features of the Russian civil nation are seen as a strengthening factor of the multinational Russian people unity, defined in the Russian Constitution as a carrier of sovereignty and the only source of power. The problematization of the interethnic relations improvement in the country at the present stage is actualized by the need for theoretical understanding of the possibility creating “theRussian nation law” in Russia. This issue has debatable, ambiguous nature; many national researchers are against the development and adoption of such a law. Opinions are expressed that in the national state policy, the improvement of interethnic relations in Russia, the resource of economic, political, cultural development of the multinational Russian people is not over. Many things in the nations and nationalities development, solid formation of local and ethnic, regional values, forms of identity should be realized in various regions of the country. There is a multi-level character of the all-Russian identity, which should be taken into consideration in the course of its formation. The development of the all-Russian identity as the foundation for the Russian civil nation formation is represented on the basis of strengthening, development of such ethno-cultural diversity.

Vakhit Kh. Akaev – Ph.D. of philosophy, professor. Chief scientific worker of Comprehensive research institute of Russian academy of science, academician of Academy of science in Chechen Republic, expert of Russian academy of science. Grozny, Russian Federation.

A contradictory, and often negative attitude toward Islam, its fundamental basis Koran, is formed in modern orientalistics. This is associated with an expressed tendency of Islam rejection, widely spread in the Western world. Active determination of this process became possible after the terrorist events of September 11, 2001 in the USA. The splash of Islamophobia in the West was expressed in insulting remarks about Muhammad, the prophet of Muslims, his immoral images and provocative films shown in the media, on television. The extreme form of Islamophobia, demonstrated in the USA is the destruction the Koran of copies, which were publicly set on fire by some Christian priests. Specific facts reveal the level of Islamophobia in the United States, the mechanisms for its support and dissemination. Those who falsely prove that the Koran is a source of terrorism, while permitting arbitrary interpretations of its certain provisions, torn from the general context, were found in Russia after the terrorist events in the United States. The article substantiates the falsehood of this thesis, its superficial and harmful ideological character. The Islamophobic attitude of some Russian judges, who at first accepted and then annulled the decision about the Koran separate statements and Islamic texts, based on them to be extremist, is criticized. It is argued that in order to overcome Islamophobia, it is important to carry out a continuous dialogue between different religions, and scientists need to conduct joint studies that reveal common positions of the sacred text.

Vachit Kh. Akaev – PhD of philosophy, professor. Grosny State Oil Technical University by Academician M.D. Millionschikov. Grozny, Chechen region, Russian Federation.

In the article, national philosophy is viewed as the result of a long historical development of the national culture, realized through various forms of activity, including mental, reflexive features of the ethnos, as well as its individual members. Having a character of continuity, it comprehends the cultural originality, intellectual activity of individuals belonging to a particular ethnic group or nation. Certainly, national philosophy, comprehends universal values, has its own specific features that are manifested in different peoples in the course of analysis of the life of a person, people, societies. In the context of modernity, representatives of national philosophy make attempts to comprehend classical and non-classical theories, giving it a special form and content. The national philosophy is also specific for the peoples of the North Caucasus, who have unique ethnographic, spiritual values, and unique cultural achievements.

Vakhit H. Akayev - PhD of philosophy, professor. Grosny State Oil Technical University by Academician M.D. Millionschikov. Grozny, Chechen region, Russian Federation.

The article analyses the scientific analysis of a situation in the South and the North Caucasus, Central Asia, in the regions having special historical, geopolitical and economic value. Such analysis is necessary for development of the adequate mechanism of opposition and blocking of mass recruitment attempts of youth for participation in "jihad" in Syria. The events in the Middle East which are considered as attempt of reformatting of the international and regional economic and political relations take a special place in this research. The importance of active counteraction to forces striving to use ethnic, confessional and cultural diversity of the people of the South of Russia for intervention into the internal affairs of the Russian Federation is emphasized, extending at the same time the ideas of religious and political extremism, ethnic separatism and nationalism. Considering similar threat, the author believes that it is necessary to liquidate what feeds it, namely, to stop financing of terrorists in the Middle East, their support in media and on the Internet. The leading activities of the North Caucasus peoples which firmly adhering to their ethnic features, spiritual and cultural traditions chose a secular way of development within the political and legal state existing. The special place in the research is allocated to the role of Russia in cultural life of modern Syria. The Russian State tries to obtain an achievement of peace between the conflicting parties, conducting resolute fight against the carriers of "religious terrorism" under the slogans of Islam. It is important for all peoples who do not accept fanaticism, "executions of ISIS" and other rules, defending their historical traditions, spiritual and cultural, ethnic and civilization values. The author`s reflections about the need of creation of the new world space are given to solve the problems of improvement of people`s interaction at the present stage of humanity development successfully.

Vachit Kh. Akaev – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Grozny State Oil Technical University, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russian Federation.
Zaira E. Abdulaeva – Ph.D. in Philosophy, Associate Professor, Dagestan State Medical University, Dagestan Republic, Makhachkala, Russian Federation.

The cultural traditions of the peoples of the North Caucasus are distinguished by their diversity, the mosaic appearance that has developed during their centuries-old creative activities. Regional ethnic and sociocultural reality forms the basis of a certain type of civilization, called Caucasus, which is rich in its material and spiritual heritage. The Caucasus civilization is local, colorful, diverse, unique, which is determined by its material and spiritual achievements, values which were left by the ancestors for younger generations, and the latter, contributing their share, give the legacy of the past a modern character. Caucasus civilization is connected with Eastern, Western civilizational types, Slavic-Russian world, that gives ethnocultural heritage a unique, special character. For many contemporaries, the ethno-cultural diversity of the peoples of the Caucasus, including the North Caucasus, is unclear, not because it is archaic, but because it is diverse, syncretic, and has experienced many developments from different cultures and civilizations. The preservation of the ethnic and cultural heritage of the peoples of the Caucasus and its understanding are now an extremely important problem in scientific and cultural terms.

Vachit Kh. Akaev – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Chief Research Worker, Comprehensive Research Institute named after H.I. Ibragimov of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russian Federation.
Naida M. Vagabova – Ph.D. in Philosophy, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation.

The interrelation between "ethnic culture" and "religion" is conceived, identifying both general and specific aspects. Ethnic culture is regarded as a result of the activities of representatives of the ethnic group, which allowed them to communicate, consolidate, focusing on the search for prospects for their development. Traditional culture, national culture and mass culture are correlated with ethnic culture. Despite some proximity of these phenomena, they differ from each other, and in the course of their comparison, general and special aspects are distinguished. It is justified that religion is an integral part of ethnic culture, forming a certain worldview among the ethnic group, raising its spiritual level. The spiritual development of the ethnic group, along with folklore plots, based on religious values, are preserved in the ethnic culture itself. Historically outgrowing the volume of ethnic culture, religion spreads among different peoples, ceasing to be a part of the culture of an individual ethnic group, but at the same time becoming a factor in the unification of various cultural characteristics. When considering the interrelation between religion and nation, their specific relationship should be noted. Thus, being a component of national culture, religion takes an active part in the formation of national identity, spiritual consolidation and unity of people.

Vachit Kh. Akaev – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Grozny State Oil Technical University, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russian Federation.
Laila M. Ismailova – Ph.D. in Philosophy, Grozny State Oil Technical University, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russian Federation.

The achievements of modern civilization associated with the use of scientific and technological achievements, high technologies that determine the development of the economy, social and cultural processes are characterized. There are also noted processes that have a negative character associated with the activities of transnational corporations that generate factors of suppression of the national interests of states, individual peoples involving them in the processes of urbanization, standardization of ethnic cultural values that disfigure traditional spiritual, cultural and moral values.