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Mustafayev Farid Mustafaevich – candidate of philosophy, professor assistant. Dagestan state pedagogical university. Makhachkala, Russia.
Mustafayeva Zarema Sirazhudinovna – candidate of philosophy, professor assistant. Dagestan state pedagogical university. Makhachkala, Russia.

The article gives a historical and chronological analysis of the formation and functioning of the customs and traditions of the Dagestan peoples, it shows their role in the socio-cultural development of the republic under current conditions. Tradition is a difficult, complex mechanism of historical and genetic continuity. Without this mechanism no socio-cultural processes are possible. Analyzing tradition as a socio-cultural phenomenon, the authors took into account its contensive and formal components. In a multicultural region such as the Republic of Dagestan tradition is a method of social self-identification and the main form of intergenerational experience transmission of religious, social and tribal relations. Also tradition is the form of interpersonal relations regulation in the process of formation and preservation of the national character. Tradition is of interdisciplinary significance, it represents some stable relationships between systems which are close in their essential qualities. Theoretical analysis of tradition shows that tradition is not static but dynamic and it is in this context that tradition has become the object of our reasoning in this study.

Key words: tradition, customs, adat, multicultural region, international communication.

Mustafaeva Maida – Ph.D. of philosophy, professor. Dagestan state pedagogical university. Makhachkala, Dagestan Republic, Russian Federation.
Mustafaev Farid – Ph.D. of philosophy, associate professor. Dagestan state pedagogical university. Makhachkala, Dagestan Republic, Russian Federation.
Mustafaev Mustafa – Ph.D. of pedagogy, professor. Dagestan state pedagogical university. Makhachkala, Dagestan Republic, Russian Federation.

It has been carried out a comparative socially-philosophical analysis of value orientations of the modern Dagestan youth, its relation to national and international problems in the region. Sociological material quiz and analysis of Dagestan students opinion is indicated there: DSU, DSPU, DSMA, DSTU and DSAA. Distribution of answers according to universities gives differentiating picture of students value orientations. Thus, for instance, during sociocultural and ethnonational values research of various socially-ethnical cultures modern studentship, the answers to the question “What do you follow in your behavior?” shown that traditions and customs of elders, ancestors act as the basic behavior regulator for 52,1 % of Dagestan students. Also the opinions of “relatives and friends”, surrounding people significantly influence on Dagestan students. Many students act in a certain manner by force of “habit” (17%), and “calculation” (12%) stands behind their actions. A lot of people follow “exiting national traditions” in their behavior (64, 6%). Behavior formation on “calculation” is accepted to consider as pragmatic tendencies manifestation in a person moral orientations, which in their turn, act as the result of socially-political instability of modern society, changes in the sphere of labor and personal relations, reflect disbelief to the authority and surrounding people. Birthplace and nationality of a person, settled factor can also significantly influence on his value system formation. According to the results of the research, natives of the Dagestan village are in their behavior more inclined to follow “surrounding people opinion” (35%), “existing national traditions” (35%). Urban students – “opinion of relatives and friends” (27%), “habit” (13%), “law” (10%), “intelligence” (60%). Determination of a person moral quality in the ethnonational environment is considered to be the important moment under the value orientations analysis of the Dagestan student youth.
It turned out that the students of the Dagestan universities more over appreciate in people such qualities as honesty (68,7%), kindness (40,6%), industry (28,7%), modesty (28,1%) and self-esteem (25,7%). But patriotism and internationalism are more highly ap-preciated by the Dagestan students (60,9%), than other personal qualities. The idea about Dagestan students estimation peculiarities of some or other features, person qualities, be-ginning from patriotism, gives us their further analysis depending on gender, speciality, university, nationality, place of birth and a year of study. If speak about patriotism and in-ternationalism separately in the respondents estimations according to the indicated para-meters, then men (youth) (63%) highly estimate the given quality, than women (girls) (38%). The students of technical specialities (45%) estimate patriotic orientations and qualities of a person higher, than humanitarian (25%) and naturalist students (20%). Among DSPU there are about (32%) of such students, while in DSMA there are (22%), but in DSAA the given quality remained without estimation. 28% of Russian students consider patriotism and internationalism to be valuable qualities of a person. Patriotism is rather more valuable for the village natives (45%). Industry, working efficiency, patriotism and internationalism are rather more valuable qualities for men (33%), technical specialties students (35%), DSTU students (43%), equally for the students of Kumyk, Lezgin and Lak nationalities (35%), those who live in urban area (40%). Self-esteem is more estimated by women (girls) (29%), technical specialties students (31%), DSTU students (46%), respondents of Lak nationality (39%) and urban natives (34%).

Key words: value, youth value orientations, person moral qualities, sociocultural, ethnonational and interethnic social values.

Maida G. Mustafaeva – Ph.D. of Philosophy, professor. Dagestan state pedagogical university. Makhachkala, Russian Federation.
Farid M. Mustafaev – Ph.D. of Philosophy, associate professor. Dagestan state pedagogical university. Makhachkala, Russian Federation.

The religious factor role in the space of Russian civilization is considered. Recently ethno-confessional factor began playing the significant role in the social and socially-political life not only of Russian people, but the whole world community. Islam plays primary importance in the national culture and national consciousness formation in the separate regions of the world owing to traditional spread of Islam. National and religious concept in these regions represents in virtue of its historical specificity something united and indissoluble. However, this unity acts in many cases in extremely contradictory form. On the one hand these religions perform ethnoconsolidating function, providing ethnical and religious solidarityin the mentality and way of life, transmitting ethnical values and conserving them in the ethnospaceof these or that people, and on the other hand – they may act as disintegration factor of some or other ethnos according to ethnoreligious bases and as a conductor of ideology, psychology and impatience culture in the society, provoking international disbelief and ethno-conflicts. Religion is a universal expression of socialdemand. It acts as a system-forming element of civilizational matrix. From this point of view the activation ofavailable in its basispositive potential of international solidarity is necessary. The actualization of general sociocultural bases of Russian society major confessions,distinctly seen in the context of their analysis as Abrahamic religions, is also necessary. The united patterns row of these Abrahamic religions (monotheism, transcendentalism, God personal understanding, messianism idea and etc.), can become the basis for interethnoconfessional dialogue, necessary for positive international communication formation and opposition to extremist religious movements from the side of confessional institutes and interethnoconfessional unifications themselves.

Sarat G. Hiyasova – candidate of pedagogic sciences, associate professor. Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, Russian Federation.
Maida G. Mustafaeva – Ph.D. of Philosophy, professor. Dagestan State Pedagogical University. Makhachkala, Russian Federation.
Farid M. Mustafaev – Ph.D. of Philosophy, associate professor of the Department of Legal Studies. Dagestan State Pedagogical University. Makhachkala, Russian Federation.

Based on various examples, including ones with Dagestan national culture, where a place and role of prejudices and stereotypes in cross-cultural communication are analyzed. Factors in the creation of stereotypes in communication activities involved in business language were identified. There are positive and negative factors that deserve to be emphasized with the presence of stereotypes in the modern culture and in people`s minds. An integrated approach to coeducation and interaction, relation to formation of stereotypes among youth, older generation and representatives of different nationalities. The analysis of research is of scientific and practical interest for training specialists of Mass Media, public relations, in the practice of usage of problematic-developing education technologies. A negative undertone of prejudices can be overcome by education and changes of public morality. The can also disappear as a result of collapse with existing standards of conduct in a society. New aspects of professional educational activities in teaching and communication in the process of sociocultural exchange were highlighted. An overall result of the analysis is that albeit particularly challenging and almost impossibility of elimination of stereotypes from a modern sociocultural life it is necessary to make joint efforts to overcome negative thinking in cross-cultural communication

Sarat G. Hiyasova – candidate of pedagogic sciences, associate professor. Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, Russia.
Maida G. Mustafaeva – doctor of philosophy, professor. Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, Russia.
Farid M. Mustafaev – doctor of philosophy, associate professor. Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, Russia.

The article is devoted to a comprehensive historical and cultural research of funeral rites as an important part of traditional Dagestan culture. The funeral rites of the peoples of Dagestan are the most well established and “consecrated” by the ancient traditions cycle of actions, the violation of which has met and still meets with strong condemnation from public opinion. It reflects the moral attitudes developed by a long experience of national life. Despite the deeply tragic nature of the process itself, there is a clear regulation of ritual activities, there are elements of theatricality. The entire cycle of the early funeral rites of the people of Dagestan is analyzed, which includes prefuneral customs and rituals, funerals themselves and rites and customs associated with funerals. A comparative characteristic with the funeral rite at the present stage is also carried out; its current and obsolete elements are indicated. The authors come to the conclusion that the funeral ritual of the Dagestan peoples was and remains multi-layered, despite the greatest Islamization and regulation by the clergy of many moments of the funeral cycle. It is shown that many elements of the former pagan rituals have been preserved and reflected in the funeral rites, although in a somewhat transformed and modified form.

Maida G. Mustafaeva – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, The Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation.
Farid M. Mustafaev – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Synergy University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Sarat G. Hiyasova – Ph.D. in Pedagogy, Associate Professor, Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, The Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation.

The subject of consideration is the emerging practice of participation of public institutions in the spiritual and moral education of students and schoolchildren, and within its framework, the practice of state-religious partnership. The formed model of activity "university-school-social partnership" is analyzed. The process of forming a system of state-religious partnership in the spiritual and moral education of students is considered in more detail, carried out in the educational and pedagogical process by the teaching staff of the oldest in the North Caucasus Dagestan State Pedagogical University. Almost all faculties of the pedagogical university conduct disciplines - religious studies, the history of world religions. It is emphasized that the training of students in this direction is necessary for a modern specialist. On the basis of questionnaires, it was concluded that university students study with interest the peculiarities of the religions of Dagestan as a multi-national and polydenominational region of the Russian Federation, there is a growing interest in Muslim law and religious disciplines in general. This interest is explained not only by the recognition of the serious contribution of Muslim lawyers to the world legal culture, but also by the role that Islam plays in the modern world, which has a direct impact on the political situation in many countries and the system of international relations in general.

Elmira Sh. Musaeva – Ph.D. in Philosophy, Associate Professor, Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation.
Maida G. Mustafaeva – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, The Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation.
Farid M. Mustafaev – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Synergy University, Moscow, Russian Federation.

The issues of preserving and strengthening the historical and cultural interaction and unity of Dagestan and Russia are analyzed. In the context of the socio-philosophical approach and historical approaches, a retrospective analysis of national and ethno-confessional relations in the Republic of Dagestan is proposed, the specifics and features of development, forms and methods of their improvement are shown. The problem of studying interethnic conflicts as additional factors of destabilization of the economic and socio-political situation and complicating the implementation of reforms is being actualized. It is emphasized that the development and implementation of a scientifically grounded national policy in the realities of our time is the main task of scientists and the government of Russian society.

Maida G. Mustafaeva – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, The Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation.
Farid M. Mustafaev – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Synergy University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Magomed A. Ibragimov – Ph.D. in Law, Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, The Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation.

There is an attempt to make a comprehensive analysis of such an ambiguous phenomenon as modern terrorism and extremism. Not only the ideological and historical roots of extremism and terrorism, the reasons for its activation in modern conditions are revealed, much attention is paid to the analysis of the problems of prevention and counteraction to these phenomena. Based on the analysis of the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Dagestan, materials of conferences of various levels devoted to these issues, it is noted that among Russian scientists there is still a significant spread of opinions regarding the theoretical definition of terrorism and extremism and ways to improve the fighting against them in our country. It is emphasized that the most important instrument of antiterrorist policy is awareness, knowledge, specificity and preparedness for emergency situations in a multicultural region.

Maida G. Mustafaeva – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, The Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation.
Farid M. Mustafaev – Ph.D. (Advanced Doctorate) in Philosophy, Professor, Synergy University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Sarat G. Hiyasova – Ph.D. in Pedagogy, Associate Professor, Dagestan State Pedagogical University, Makhachkala, The Republic of Dagestan, Russian Federation.

The peoples of Dagestan have accumulated many creative traditions and customs over their centuries-old history. It is shown that it is in traditions and customs that the national character of the people, their mentality, life priorities and ideals are embodied. Such an important sign as continuity is emphasized, which in turn is one of the most important conditions for spiritual development in the modern multicultural region. People`s morality, embedded in traditions and customs, has a pervasive ability, regulates interpersonal relations in all social spheres, including education. It is especially noted that customs and traditions acquire special significance in the conditions of multicul-turalism of the Dagestan region, where each people, regardless of the size and composition of the population, has their own special customs and traditions. Hence, in the conditions of multinational Dagestan, the problems of the development and functioning of national cultures, the tasks of preserving the national-ethnic components of spiritual culture, customs and traditions, the way of life, and folk crafts have always been relevant.